A LIFE-CYCLE MODEL OF HUMAN SOCIAL GROUPS PRODUCES A U-SHAPED DISTRIBUTION IN GROUP SIZE.

One of the central puzzles in the study of sociocultural evolution is how and why transitions from small-scale human groups to large-scale, hierarchically more complex ones occurred.Here we develop a spatially explicit agent-based model as a first step towards understanding the ecological dynamics of small discount greenery and large-scale human gr

We describe a new mechanistic bio-economic model for simulating the spread of Mycobacterium avium ssp.paratuberculosis (MAP) within a dairy cattle herd.The model includes age-dependent susceptibility for infection; age-dependent sensitivity for detection; environmental MAP build-up in five separate areas of the farm; in utero infection; infection v